Name | 3,6-diamino-9-(2-carboxyphenyl)xanthylium chloride |
Synonyms | R110 RHODAMINE 110 RHODAMINE 560 RHODAMINE 110 CHLORIDE Exciton Rhodamine 560 Chloride RHODAMINE 110 CHLORIDE, FOR FLUOR-ESCENC E 3,6-diamino-9-(2-carboxyphenyl)xanthylium chloride 2-(6-Amino-3-imino-3H-xanthen-9-yl)-benzoic acid hydrochloride |
CAS | 13558-31-1 |
EINECS | 236-944-7 |
InChI | InChI=1/C20H14N2O3/c21-11-5-7-15-17(9-11)25-18-10-12(22)6-8-16(18)19(15)13-3-1-2-4-14(13)20(23)24/h1-10,21H,22H2,(H,23,24)/p-1/b21-11+ |
Molecular Formula | C20H15ClN2O3 |
Molar Mass | 366.8 |
Density | 1.2504 (rough estimate) |
Melting Point | >300°C(lit.) |
Boling Point | 629.3°C at 760 mmHg |
Flash Point | 334.4°C |
Solubility | ethanol: soluble |
Vapor Presure | 1.06E-16mmHg at 25°C |
Appearance | Green to Red to Brown Powder |
Color | White to light yellow |
Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['499nm (MeOH); 496nm (H2O)'] |
BRN | 4631860 |
Storage Condition | Keep in dark place,Inert atmosphere,Room temperature |
Stability | Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive |
Refractive Index | 1.6470 (estimate) |
MDL | MFCD00042009 |
In vitro study | Rhodamine 110 accumulates in mitochondria in a cationic form, which alters the pH in this cellular compartment. Rhodamine 110 accumulates in human lymphoblastoid cells and Friend leukemia cells. No cytotoxicity to human lymphoblastoid cells is observed below 10 μM, but Rhodamine 110 causes Friend leukemia cells to die at a concentrations above 100 μM. |
In vivo study | Rhodamine 110 is less toxic than the parent molecule based on the intravenous LD 50 acute toxicity values of 89.5 mg/kg and 140.0 mg/kg for Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 110, respectively. Both molecules induce liver and kidney enlargement after ingestion, and male rats show more significant increases than female rats after Rhodamine 110 exposure. In addition, testis weight increased in male rats dosed with Rhodamine 110. The pharmacokinetics of Rhodamine 110 are assessed following oral administration at two dosages (3 and 10 mg/kg) and intravenous administration at one dosage (3 mg/kg). Pharmacokinetic parameters are calculated using an extravascular input and IV-bolus input, noncompartmental model analysis conducted with WinNonlin Standard Edition. The pharmacokinetic parameters of Rhodamine 110 indicates that the maximum plasma concentrations (C max ) of the two oral dosages are 283.4 and 657.0 ng/mL, which are reached at 140 and 210 min, respectively. This indicates that Rhodamine 110 absorption is not rapid after ingestion, as it took over 2 h to be absorbed from the intestines into the blood. The areas under the concentration–time curves (AUCs) for the two dosages are 138.1±20.3 and 444.0±170.8 h ng/mL. The pharmacokinetic data demonstrate that the AUC is proportional to the administered oral dose of Rhodamine 110 (3 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg). Furthermore, the clearance (Cl) of the two orally administered doses is 7.94 and 8.61 mL/min/kg, respectively. |
Hazard Symbols | Xn - Harmful |
Risk Codes | 22 - Harmful if swallowed |
Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. |
WGK Germany | 3 |
HS Code | 29329990 |
main applications | Color filters; Liquid crystal displays; dylasers; electroluminescent displays;inks;light-emitting diode (LED);papermaking process; recording materials; solar cells; Silica thin films; Sol-gel titania films;waveguides |
biological field application | Detecting risk of Alzheimer's disease and stroke;evaluating/testing sperm quality; identifying bacteria; As a substrate for measuring aromatase activity, azoreductase activity,phospholipase activity, proteases activity (caspase activity, cathepsin c activity, elastase activity proteinase activity);implantable drug-delivery devices |
EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
biological activity | Rhodamine 110 is a sensitive and selective substrate (substrate) used to determine protease in solution or living cells. The excitation wavelength is 498 nm and the emission wavelength is 521 nm. |
use | laser dye. |